IJTEEE

International Journal of Technology Enhancements and Emerging Engineering Research

Home Contact Us
PUBLICATIONS



IJTEEE >> Volume 2 - Issue 11, November 2014 Edition



International Journal of Technology Enhancements and Emerging Engineering Research  
International Journal of Technology Enhancements and Emerging Engineering Research

Website: http://www.ijteee.org

ISSN 2347-4289



Symbiotic And Phenotypic Characteristics Of Rhizobia Nodulating Faba Bean (Vicia Faba) From Tahtay Koraro, Northwestern Zone Of Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia

[Full Text]

 

AUTHOR(S)

Solomon Legesse, Fassil Assefa

 

KEYWORDS

Keywords: nodulation, Rhizobia, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Tahtay Koraro, Tigray, Vicia faba.

 

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The ability of indigenous rhizobia to nodulate a legume crop effectively was critical to successful establishment and growth of legumes. This study was aimed to evaluate the symbiotic effectiveness along with growth responses to varied conditionslike pH, salt, temperature, antibiotics, and carbon and nitrogen sourcesfor rhizobial isolates nodulating faba bean from Tahtay Koraro, northwestern Zone of Tigray. For this matter, a total of thirty-six isolates of Rhizobium were isolated from as many sampling sites of Tahtay Koraro using plant infection method in Addis Ababa University, Applied Microbiology greenhouse.The isolates were characterized morphologically and physiologically and tested on sand to evaluate their symbiotic effectiveness.Results indicates that culturally almost all of them displayed large colonies with diameters of 2 to 4.5 mm, generation time of >3.91 hrs and showed characteristics of fast growing rhizobia.The symbiotic effectiveness results on sand culture indicated that, the isolates showed shoot dry matter ranging from 0.47 (AUFR-9) to 1.5 g/plant (AUFR-17), with negative control of 0.43 g/plant and positive control of 1.3 g/plant. All the tested isolates were able to grow well within the ranges of 6-9.5 and 150C-350C for pH and temperature, respectively. The highest and lowest nodule number score was 91 (AUFR-5) and 17 (AUFR-36), respectively. The preliminary screening of the authenticated isolates for symbiotic effectiveness on sand culture showed 74% of the isolates were found to be effective, whereAUFR-8, AUFR-13, AUFR-14, AUFR-17 and AUFR-25, were rated highly effective, of these AUFR-25 was found to be phosphate solubilizer. The numerical analysis on phenotypic features revealed the existence of diversity among the test isolates and categorized all isolates into six groups.Generally, the present work shows the physiological and symbiotic diversity of the isolates in the traditional agricultural areas of the study site and the potential of these rhizobia to be used as effective commercial inoculants in areas where the indigenous rhizobia fail to do so.

 

REFERENCES

[1] Abd-Alla, M.H. (1994). Phosphate and utilization of organic phosphorus by Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar Viciae. Letters of Applied Microbiol. 18: 294-296.

[2] Alemayehu Workalemahu (2009).The effect of indigenous root-nodulating bacteria on nodulation and growth of faba bean (Vicia Faba) in the low-input agricultural systems of tigray highlands, Northern Ethiopia. MEJS1: 30-43.

[3] Asfaw Hailaemariam and Angaw Tsigie (2006). Biological nitrogen fixation research on food legumes in Ethiopia. In: Food and forage legumes of Ethiopia: Progress and Prospects, pp. 172-176 (Beniawal, S., Gemechu Keneni, Kemal Ali, Makkouk, K., Malhotra, R.S., and Said Ahmed eds). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

[4] Asfaw Tilaye (1985). Faba bean in Ethiopia. FABIS, Newsletter, 12: 3-4.

[5] Asfaw Tilaye, Geletu Bejiga and Alem Berhe (1994). Role of cool season food legumes and their production constraints in Ethiopian agriculture. In: Cool-Season Legumes of Ethiopia: International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas, pp. 3-19 (Asfaw Telaye, Geletu Bejiga, Saxen, M. and Solh, M., eds). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

[6] Aynabeba Adamu, Fassil Assefa, Asfaw Hailemariam and Endashaw Bekele (2001). Studies of Rhizobium inoculation and fertilizer treatment on growth and production of faba bean (Vicia faba) in some yield depleted and yield sustained regions of Semien Showa. SINET:Ethiopian Journal of Science 24: 197-211.

[7] Brockwell, J. (1998). Matching rhizobia and temperate species of Acacia. In: Recent Development in Acacia Planting, pp. 264-273 (Turn bull, L.W., Crompton, H.R. and Pinyopusarerk, K., eds). ACIAR, Canberra, Australia.

[8] Date, R. A. (1993). Assessment of rhizobial status of the soil. In: Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes, pp. 85-94, (Vincent, J. M. ed.). Academic Press, Sydney.

[9] Desta Beyene and Angaw Tsigie (1988). Evaluation of root nodule collected from faba bean. In: Faba bean Research in Ethiopian, Under IAR/ICARDA/IFAD. Nile Valley Project on faba bean, 1985-1987 Crop Season, IAR, Addis Ababa.

[10] Food and Agricultural Organization (2010). Statistical year book. FAOSTAT, Rome, Italy.

[11] Getaneh Tesfaye (2008). Symbiotic and phenotypic diversity of rhizobial isolates nodulating Vicia faba from Western Shewa and Hararghe, Ethiopia. M.Sc. Thesis. Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.

[12] Girmaye Kenasa (2009). In vitro characterization and symbiotic effectiveness of faba bean (Vicia faba) rhizobia isolated from acidic Soils of Wollega, Ethiopia. M.Sc. Thesis, Addis Ababa University. Ethiopia.

[13] Johnston, A.W.B. and Beringer, J.E. (1976). Pea root nodules containing more than one Rhizobium species. Nature 264: 502-504.

[14] Jordan, D. (1984). Rhizobaceae. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, pp. 234-256 (Hendricks, D.P., Sneath, H.A. and Halt, J.H., eds). Orient Longman, New York.

[15] Josey, D.P., Beynon, J.I., Johnson, A.W.B. and Bohlool, B.B. (1979). Strain identification in Rhizobium using intrinsic antibiotic resistance. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 46: 343-350.

[16] Kiros Habtegebrial and Singh, B.R. (2006).Wheat responses in semiarid northern Ethiopia to N2 fixation by Pisum sativum treated with phosphorus fertilizers and inoculants. Nutr Cycl Agroecosystem, 75: 247-255.

[17] Lupwayi, N. and Haque, I. (1994). Legume-Rhizobium Technology Manual: Environmental sciences division, international livestock center for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. pp. 1-93.

[18] McVicar, R., Panchuk, K., Brenzil, C., Hartley, S. and Pearse, P. (2005). Faba Bean in Sasktchewan. Saskatchewan Agriculture, Food and Rural Revitalization. University of Saskatchewan, Vandenberg, pp.11.

[19] Nutman, P.S. (1976). IBP field experiment on nitrogen fixation by nodulated Legumes. In: Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixationin Plants, pp. 211-237 (Nutman, P.S., ed). Cambridg University Press, Cambridge.

[20] Perret, X., Staehelin, C. and Broughton, W.J. (2000). Molecular basis of symbiotic promiscuity. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64: 180-201.

[21] Purcino, H.M.A., Festin, P.M. and Elkan, G.H. (2000). Identification of effective strains of Bradyrhizobium. Archis Pintoi. Trop.77: 226-232.

[22] Segovia, L., Pinero, D., Palacios, R. and Martinez R.E. (1991). Genetic structure of a soilpopulation of nonsymbiotic Rhizobium leguminosarum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57: 426–433.

[23] Slattery, J. and Pearce, D. (2002). Development ofelite inoculant Rhizobium strains in southeastern Australia. In:Inoculants and Nitrogen Fixation of Legumes, pp 86-94 (Herridge, D. ed). Rutherlin Research Institute, Rutherlin Victoria 3685, Australia.

[24] Somasegaran, P. and Hoben, H.J. (1994). Handbook for Rhizobia. Springer-Verlag, p.380.

[25] van Berkum, P., Desta Beyene, Fransisco, T.V. and Keyeser, H.H. (1995). Variability among rhizobia strains originating from nodules of Vicia faba. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61: 2649-2653.

[26] Vincent, J.M. (1970). A Manual for the Practical Study of Root Nodule Bacteria. Blackwell, Oxford and Edinburgh, pp.164.

[27] Zahran, H.H. (1999). Rhizobium-legume symbiosis and nitrogen fixation under severe conditions and in an arid climate.Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Reviews 63: 968-989.

[28] Zerihun Belay and Fassil Assefa (2011). Symbiotic and phenotypic diversity of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.Viciae from Northern Gondar, Ethiopia. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 10: 4372-4379.

[29] Zewdu Teshome (2006). Numerical taxonomy of phenotypic characters of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae isolates from the major pulse producing regions of Ethiopia and its importance for predictive ecological and symbiotic studies. M.Sc. Thesis, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.

[30] Zhang, X., Kosier, B. and Priefer, U.B. (2001). Symbiotic plasmid rearrangement in Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae VF39SM. J. Bacteriol. 183: 2141-2144.